Regenerative Therapies for Treatment of Osteoarthritis (OA) in Dogs. Review

Abstract

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by destructive changes in articular cartilage and formation of new bone tissue - osteophytes. OA is the most common degenerative joint disease in humans and animals. OA affects the entire joint and is characterized by inflammation, remodeling of bones and progressive destruction of constitutive cartilage components. The main purpose in the treatment of osteoarthritis is aimed at relieving pain, maintaining joint mobility, improving the quality of life of the patient, slowing down the development of degenerative changes. Over the last decades, on the basis of a number of studies, the beneficial effects of regenerative medicine in the treatment of injuries in all tissues in the body, in particular, the treatment of osteoarthritis, have been proven. The most commonly used regenerative therapies for the treatment of osteoarthritis are platelet-rich plasma (PRP), bone marrow (BM), and stem cells. These methods are obtained from the patient's own blood or tissues. These therapies have an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, reparative and antidegenerative effect.