PRODUCTIVITY AND GENERAL RESISTANCE OF LACTATING COWS UNDER CHRONIC HEAT STRESS AND THEIR CORRECTION WITH MAGNESIUM NANOCOMPOUNDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66211/tmvm.v11i2.340Keywords:
Heat stress, THI, dairy cow, magnesium nanocompounds, productivity, hematology, blood biochemistry, prevention.Abstract
The aim of this study was to scientifically substantiate the prevention of chronic heat stress in high-yielding lactating cows through the use of a magnesium nanocompound. The research was conducted under production farm conditions with natural fluctuations of the microclimate and temperature-humidity index (THI 65–79). In a controlled experiment, Ukrainian Black-and-White cows (n=10, peak lactation) were divided into control and experimental groups (additionally fed with a nanoform of magnesium citrate 0.5 mg/kg of body weight per day for 10 days). Productivity (daily milk yield), clinical-physiological, hematological, and bio-chemical parameters were measured, and statistical analysis along with correlation-regression modeling was performed, accounting for the lag effect of THI.
A strong association was identified between milk yield and THI with a two-day lag (r≈–0.45), confirm-ing the cumulative effect of heat stress. Under chronic heat stress, cows in the control group experienced a 17.7% decrease in productivity, while those supplemented with Mg exhibited only an 11.7% decline, with a significant intergroup difference (+1.8 L/day, p<0.05). Mg supplementation for 10 days prior to heat stress had a stabilizing effect on blood oxygen transport function and mitigated immune and platelet changes in high-yielding cows under chronic heat stress. Mg supplementation may have contributed to better metabolic adap-tation to the stressor, which was manifested by a decrease in the negative effect of heat stress on blood meta-bolic parameters. These changes suggest a possible hepatoprotective and anti-stress effect of prophylactic magnesium nanocompound supplementation under chronic heat stress conditions. In particular, an improve-ment in the A/G ratio was established under stress conditions, and a decrease in the intensity of TBIL, ALT/AST, BA, CK under conditions of heat stress on the body of lactating cows, and an improvement in lipid metabolism (TG, CHOL), respiration (tCO₂), and Ca and Mg content in the blood.
The novelty of the work lies in the combination of real production monitoring of THI with the assess-ment of lag effects and the demonstration of the corrective action of the nanoform of magnesium according to CHS.
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